The area along the former inner-German border strip was excluded from any use for decades. This allowed nature to develop undisturbed. The areas that were created due to the quiet use and isolation are characterized by a particularly rich variety of endangered species and habitats and act as a so-called "Green Belt" with a total length of around 1,400 kilometers as a nationally significant and longest biotope network.
What is special is that the so-called Green Belt runs through almost all German landscapes, from the North German lowlands to the low mountain ranges in Thuringia, Saxony and Bavaria. This diversity of landscapes is an important refuge and home to many animal and plant species (e.g. endangered species such as lynx, otters, black storks, whinchats and many insect species). Various nature conservation organizations are involved here, with BUND playing a particularly important role in protecting the Green Belt.
With a length of 763 kilometers, Thuringia has the largest part of the Green Belt and placed this part under special protection on the 29th anniversary of the opening of the border (2018). Saxony-Anhalt followed in October 2019 with a further 343 kilometers. Since October 2019, around three quarters of the Green Belt (around 1,106 kilometers) have been designated as a "National Natural Monument".